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1. Phylum Porifera :
1. Phylum Porifera :
Body plan: Simple, porous bodies without true tissues or organs.
Habitat: Mostly marine, some freshwater.
Example: Sycon and Spongilla.
2. Phylum Cnidaria / Coelenterata
2. Phylum Cnidaria / Coelenterata
Body plan: Radially symmetrical with stinging cells.
Habitat: Mostly marine.
Example: Hydra, jellyfish
3. Phylum Platyhelminthes
3. Phylum Platyhelminthes
Body plan: Dorsoventrally flattened, bilaterally symmetrical, and triploblastic.
Habitat: Free-living or parasitic.
Example: Tapeworms and planarians.
4. Phylum Nematoda / Nemathelminthes
4. Phylum Nematoda / Nemathelminthes
Body plan: Cylindrical, unsegmented bodies.
Habitat: Terrestrial, aquatic, or parasitic.
Example: Ascaris and hookworms.
5. Phylum Annelida
5. Phylum Annelida
Body plan: Segmented, cylindrical bodies.
Habitat: Marine, freshwater, and moist terrestrial environments.
Example: Earthworms and leeches.
6. Phylum Arthropoda
6. Phylum Arthropoda
Body plan: Segmented bodies, jointed appendages, and a hard exoskeleton.
It is the largest phylum.
Habitat: All types of environments.
Example: Prawn, crabs, and spiders.
7. Phylum Mollusca
7. Phylum Mollusca
Body plan: Soft-bodied, often with a protective calcareous shell. Second-largest phylum.
Habitat: Terrestrial and aquatic.
Example: Snails, octopuses.
8. Phylum Echinodermata
8. Phylum Echinodermata
Body plan: Adults have pentamerous radial symmetry, Spiny skin.
Habitat: Exclusively marine.
Example: Starfish, sea urchins, and sea cucumbers.
9. Phylum Chordata
9. Phylum Chordata
Body plan: Bilaterally symmetrical, with a notochord, dorsal hollow nerve cord.
Habitat: Diverse, includes aquatic and terrestrial environments.
Key feature: Includes all animals with a backbone (vertebrates), such as fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals.
Example: Humans, fish, and birds.
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